Grammar II, UNIT 1

En este episodio, vamos a estar hablando de la primera unidad de Grammar II (formal and functional grammar; meanings in language; the place of lexicogrammar in language; genres; the role of language as a reflection or as an action; mode: typical situations of language use; the linguistic implications of mode y lexical density) Información útil para este episodio: Meanings in language: Experiential meaning: the ways language represents our experience of the world as well as the inner world of our thoughts and feelings Interpersonal meaning: the speaker's position, how they feel about reality and the speaker's attitude, position, opinion, and judgement without adding or taking constituents. Textual meaning: the ways in which a stretch of language is organized in relation to its context. Ranking in lexicogrammar: CLAUSE > GROUP/PHRASE > WORD Definition of text: A text is a semantic unit of whatever length, spoken or written and which forms a unified whole with respect to its internal properties and the social context in which it is produced. What distinguishes text from non-text is texture, which holds a text's clauses together. It involves the interaction of two components: coherence and cohesion Coherence: the way a sequence of clauses relates to the context (purpose, content, interactions, role of language) Cohesion: related to the internal semantic ties between different parts of the text; occurs where the interpretation of some element in the text is dependent on that of the other. Definition of GENRE: Genres are staged, goal-oriented, purposeful activities in which speakers engage as members of a culture. They are recognized by their schematic structure and the patterns of lexicogrammatical choices in the text. MEDIUM: (oral or written) is the physical channel for the transmission of texts. MODE: the variable of context that influences the role language plays in an interaction, which has two dimensions: the immediacy of feedback and the role of language. LEXICAL DENSITY: the proportion of lexical items to the total discourse, the ratio of lexical items per clause.