IA en Medicina: algoritmos que salvan vidas

La inteligencia artificial está transformando la medicina. En este episodio exploramos cómo funciona la inteligencia artificial en el campo médico, qué problemas puede ayudar a resolver y cuáles son los desafíos éticos y científicos que aún enfrenta. ¿Puede una máquina diagnosticar enfermedades con mayor precisión que un médico? ¿Cómo está cambiando la inteligencia artificial la práctica médica actual y qué implicaciones tiene para el futuro de la salud Referencias Ávila-Tomás, J. F., Mayer-Pujadas, M. A., Quesada-Varela, V. J. (2020). Artificial intelligence and its applications in medicine II: Current importance and practical applications. Atem primaria 53: 81-88 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2020.04.014 Couzin-Frankel, J. (2019). Medicine contends with how to use artificial intelligence. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.364.6446.1119 de Vries, C. F., Lip, G., Staff, R. T., et al. (2026). Prospective evaluation of artificial intelligence integration into breast cancer screening in multiple workflow settings: The GEMINI study. Nature Cancer, 7, 484–493. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43018-026-01126-1 Jumper, J., Evans, R., Pritzel, A., et al. (2021). Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature, 596, 583–589. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2 Lanzagorta-Ortega D., Carrillo-Pérez D. L., Carrillo-Esper R. (2023). Inteligencia artificial en medicina: presente y futuro. Gaceta Médica de México. https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.m22000688 Li, J., Wang, S., Zhang, M., Li, W., Lai, Y., Kang, X., Ma, W., & Liu, Y. (2024). Agent hospital: A simulacrum of hospital with evolvable medical agents. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2405.02957 Ng, A. Y., Oberije, C. J. G., Ambrózay, É., et al. (2023). Prospective implementation of AI-assisted screen reading to improve early detection of breast cancer. Nature Medicine, 29, 3044–3049. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02625-9 Olawade, D. B., Teke, J., Fapohunda, O., Weerasinghe, K., Usman, S. O., Ige, A. O., & David-Olawade, A. C. (2024). Leveraging artificial intelligence in vaccine development: A narrative review. Journal of Microbiological Methods 224 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2024.106998 Opel, N., & Breakspear, M. (2026). Transforming mental health research and care through artificial intelligence. Science, 391(6782), 249–? https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adz9193 Rajpurkar, P., Irvin, J., Zhu, K., Yang, B., Mehta, H., Duan, T., Ding, D., Bagul, A., Langlotz, C., Shpanskaya, K., Lungren, M. P., & Ng, A. Y. (2017). CheXNet: Radiologist-level pneumonia detection on chest X-rays with deep learning (versión 3). arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1711.05225 Rejeleene R. & Mehta N. B. (2026). Artificial intelligence in medicine: How it works, how it fails. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.93a.25089 Teo, Z. L., Thirunavukarasu, A. J., Elangovan, K., Cheng, H., Moova, P., Soetikno, B., Nielsen, C., Pollreisz, A., Ting, D. S. J., Morris, R. J. T., Shah, N. H. y Langlotz, C. P. (2025). Generative artificial intelligence in medicine. Nature Medicine, 31, 3270–3282. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03983-2 Topol E. J. (2023). As artificial intelligence goes multimodal, medical applications multiply. Science. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1711.05225)[10.1126/science.adk6139](https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adk6139) Yip, M., Salcudean, S., Goldberg, K., Althoefer, K., Menciassi, A., Opfermann, J. D., Krieger, A., Swaminathan, K., Walsh, C. J., Huang, H., & Lee, I.-C. (2023). Artificial intelligence meets medical robotics. Science, 381(6654), 141–146. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj3312